HCMC – Vietnam should establish a liberal institutional mechanism for its open economic zones, which will become the major driver behind the country’s economic growth in the long term, a senior economist said on Tuesday.
Vo Dai Luoc, head of the State Focal Program on Economic Issues till 2020, told a seminar at the Saigon Times Club on Tuesday that “it is open economic zones that will create breakthroughs in the country’s institutional mechanism, economic growth and social development” in the long term.
To make it a reality, however, Vietnam needs first to create a liberal institutional mechanism for such zones, Luoc said at the event organized by the Vietnam Asia Pacific Economic Center (VAPEC).
Vietnam has many advantages for establishing open economic zones as the country is at the center of the most dynamic region in the world, Luoc said in the seminar on Vietnam’s and the world’s open economic zones.
Vietnam currently has 15 open economic zones in which 13 are being developed but they have yet to make clear impacts on the economy due to the lack of suitable policies, he said.
Luoc introduced successful models of open economic zones in the world, especially in Dubai, South Korea, the U.S., and China. Institutional mechanism is the most important factor for the success, and policies should include duty-free or long-term land lease.
Moreover, open economic zones should have a strong self-governing power along with suitable administrative policies. Dubai International Financial Center is in the Middle East, but it runs following the U.K. laws, and its head is also a foreigner, Luoc added.
Tran Thanh Hong, deputy director of Tan Thuan Export Processing Zone Joint Venture Co., seconded the viewpoint, saying special policies should be designed for such zones, including export processing zones, with the least intervention from State agencies.
He related how enterprises in Vietnam’s export processing zones (EPZs) were still forced to observe all foreign exchange rules applicable for the local market, while such zones should enjoy autonomy to a certain extent.
“That is their business,” he said, explaining EPZ enterprises should be allowed to decide their own forex rules instead of being forced to trade in Vietnam dong.
Foreign investors have queried about power of management boards of EPZs as they always have to report to or ask relevant departments before making a decision, Hong added.
Local open economic zones are different from those overseas as they are opened under subjective decisions of the Government, not following demands and suggestions of foreign investors. Luoc said. Therefore, he said, local zones have not been as successful as expected.
Economic zones in China target foreign companies and are more export-oriented while Chu Lai, Vietnam’s first open economic zone in Quang Nam Province, is mainly an enclave for domestic companies and for local consumption.
Similarly, Dung Quat Economic Zone is mainly home to a State-run oil refinery with its products mainly serving domestic market. Van Don Economic Zone in Quang Ninh Province has yet to let any land plots for lease to date, according to Luoc.
Luoc rejected opinions by some saying that economic zones are unnecessary as Vietnam had joined the World Trade Organization (WTO). Joining the WTO helps Vietnam lift tax barriers while the open economic zone can help attract investment in and outside the country, he explained. (SaiGon Times)